The Eight Names of Arjuna in the Epic Mahabharata

One of the most intricate and dynamic characters in the ancient Indian epic, the Mahabharata, is Arjuna, the mighty archer and prince of the Kuru clan. In various parts of the epic, his names and appellations are mentioned, with some insiders trying to test his true identity by asking him about these names. One notable instance is when the prince of Matsya, Uttar, asks Brihannala, disguised as Arjuna, about his names. Let's explore these eight names of Arjuna from the Mahabharata.

1. Dhananjaya

Dhananjaya is one of the most common and revered names of Arjuna. It signifies that he is one who has won the wealth of the ten directions, symbolizing his prowess and reach as a warrior who brings back victory and wealth wherever he goes. In Mahabharata, this name often appears in contexts where Arjuna's victories and wealth are discussed.

2. Gudakesa

Gudakesa translates to the conqueror of sleep. This name was given to Arjuna by his father, Indra, after Arjuna had achieved a state of heightened awareness and control, indicating his exceptional willpower and focus. In the epic, Arjuna was known for his ability to remain vigilant and battle-ready even during the darkness of the night, making him an unwavering guardian of the rightful heavens.

3. Vibhatsu

Vibhatsu means one who is devoid of macabre or heinous actions in war. This name highlights Arjuna's character as a warrior who values righteousness and avoids performing actions that go against the principles of dharma. In many battles and conflicts, Arjuna is seen as a paragon of valor and moral strength, earning this moniker.

4. Savyasachi

Savyasachi refers to Arjuna's exceptional archery skills, especially his ability to shoot with both hands equally well. The legend of Arjuna wielding the mighty Gandiva bow with unmatched prowess is a favorite among storytellers and scholars. This name underscores the unmatched skill and balance that Arjuna possessed.

5. Kamadeva

Although not as commonly mentioned, another name of Arjuna that is worth noting is Kamadeva, meaning "one who is beautiful". This name was given due to Arjuna's inviting and handsome nature, a trait that appealed to the hearts of many. In the epic, Arjuna's attractiveness is often referenced as a key factor for several of his special connections and alliances.

6. Avatharana

Avatharana literally means the victor of knowledge, alluding to Arjuna's wisdom and his deep understanding of various spiritual and philosophical teachings. This name often appears in contexts where Arjuna's mentorship and guidance to young warriors and sages are highlighted.

7. Vijaya

Vijaya is a name associated with victory personified. This name was given to Arjuna as a testament to his eternal quest for victory, both on the physical and metaphysical planes. It also symbolizes his success and triumph over the obstacles in life. In the Mahabharata, Arjuna is described as a demon-slaying hero who brings victory and justice to the world.

8. Arjuna

Arjuna is the most well-known and used name of the Arjuna. It simply refers to the character himself and is often mentioned in the context of his personal qualities and actions. The character of Arjuna is complex, showcasing myriad traits and qualities, and this name aptly reflects his essence.

These eight names of Arjuna provide a comprehensive overview of his character and the epithets he was known by in the grand narrative of the Mahabharata. Each name carries its own significance and adds to the rich tapestry of Arjuna's character. Whether it is his prowess in battle, his wisdom, or his beauty, these names represent different facets of the legend of Arjuna.