Is Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho Transphobic?

The question of whether Alfred Hitchcock’s 1960 classic, Psycho, is transphobic is a complex and contentious issue. This article explores the historical context, the film's content, and the impact it has had on public perception, particularly concerning transphobic and psychophobic elements.

The Historical Context

Hitchcock, a master of suspense and psychological horror, was not immune to the societal prejudices of his time. Though known for his queer representation in his films, he also harbored anti-homosexual sentiments. His attraction to and hatred of homosexuality coexisted, as evidenced by his comments and practices. Hitchcock referred to homosexuals as "poofs," and his behavior suggests a fear of being associated with them.

The Film's Impact on Perception

Psycho has been criticized for perpetuating harmful transmisogynistic stereotypes, a perspective shared by some who compare it to other horror films like Silence of the Lambs. The “man in a dress” trope is a prevalent stereotype in horror, and the film, along with many in the genre, has contributed to the creation of harmful stereotypes about transgender women and individuals with psychotic conditions. This has led to real-world harm, highlighting the importance of scrutiny in media representation.

Norman Bates and his Mental Illness

One of the central controversies surrounding Psycho is the portrayal of Norman Bates. Critics argue that the film's use of gender-bending in the mother-son relationship perpetuates transphobic stereotypes. However, this argument is challenged by the film's own narrative, which explicitly differentiates between transvestism and Norman's psychological condition.

According to the script, Norman's behavior is described as a deliberate attempt to maintain the illusion of his mother's life, rather than a form of transvestism. The doctor's explanation in the film, "Uh not exactly. A man who dresses in women's clothing in order to achieve a sexual change or satisfaction is a transvestite. But in Norman's case, he was simply doing everything possible to keep alive the illusion of his mother being alive," clearly delineates this difference.

The Closeted Teen Heartthrob Tony Perkins

Another aspect of the film to consider is the portrayal of Tony Perkins, who plays Norman Bates. Perkins, fearing public outing as a closeted homosexual, feared being cast as "Mommy's Boy" Norman. This fear reflects the real-world marginalization and discrimination faced by LGBTQ individuals, particularly those in the closet.

A Definitive Answer from a Trans Person

The final arbiter in determining if the film is transphobic would be a transperson. If a transperson finds Psycho's portrayal offensive, the argument would hold weight. However, it is important to note that Norman Bates is not a transgender woman but a character with a split personality and mental illness, which differentiates his situation from transphobic portrayals.

For those who argue the film is intentionally transphobic, it is worth considering the context and intention behind the characters and their actions. The film, while problematic, is not inherently transphobic. Instead, it reflects the societal norms and prejudices of the time and the complexity of mental illness.

Neither the 1960 original nor the 1998 remake of Psycho was transphobic. The film's impact on public perception and its legacy highlight the importance of ongoing discussions about representation in media and the impact it has on both public and individual beliefs.

Ultimately, the complexities of Psycho require a nuanced approach. While the film has contributed to damaging stereotypes, it also serves as a significant work of cinematic art. Continuing conversations about gender, mental health, and representation are crucial for creating a more inclusive and understanding society.